What occurs when an acid solution is added to a basic solution?

When an acid solution is added to a basic solution, neutralization occurs. This process involves the reaction between hydrogen ions (from the acid) and hydroxide ions (from the base) to form water, which results in the overall reduction of pH towards neutrality. If enough acid is added to fully neutralize the base, the resulting solution will be neutral, typically around a pH of 7, depending on the strengths and concentrations of the acid and base used.

The neutralization reaction is a fundamental concept in chemistry and is critical in various practical applications, including water treatment and laboratory processes. The production of water from the mixing of acid and base is what leads to a neutral solution as the acidic and basic properties cancel each other out. If the amounts are mixed in precise proportions, a truly neutral solution is obtained, allowing for various subsequent chemical reactions or processes to occur safely.