Where is possible contamination most likely to occur?

Contamination is most likely to occur in spring formations located in clay-type soils due to several factors. Clay soils tend to have low permeability, which means they do not easily absorb water. This can lead to a situation where surface contaminants remain on top of the soil rather than being filtered down, allowing harmful substances to accumulate and ultimately seep into nearby spring formations.

Additionally, springs can be direct conduits for contaminants if they are situated near urban areas or agricultural activities where pollutants may be introduced into the water system. Because clay can trap and hold contaminants rather than allowing them to disperse, areas with springs in clay soils are particularly vulnerable to water quality issues.

Urban areas with high traffic and sandy soil may also present contamination concerns, but the unique retention characteristics of clay make it a more direct path for pollutants to reach spring water sources. Concrete riverbanks can also affect water quality, but they primarily cause physical changes to waterways rather than enhancing the likelihood of direct contamination of water supplies like springs.